Not sure what separates an open-system vape from a closed-system vape? Here’s a straightforward guide to how both work, their advantages and disadvantages, and what to consider when choosing between them.
If you’ve been looking at different vape kits, you’ve probably come across the terms open system and closed system.
They might sound technical, but the difference is actually quite simple.
Some vape devices use prefilled pods that you replace when they’re empty. Others allow you to refill the pod or tank yourself using bottled e-liquid.
Both types have their advantages. One focuses on convenience and minimal maintenance, while the other offers more flexibility over the e-liquid you use.
In this guide, we’ll explain how each system works, what makes them different and which factors existing adult vapers should consider.
What Is a Vape Pod System?
A vape pod system is an electronic cigarette that uses a pod or cartridge to hold e-liquid.
Most pod kits are compact, rechargeable and designed to be straightforward to operate. Depending on the model, they may activate automatically when you inhale or use a button.
The main difference between pod systems is how the e-liquid is supplied.
- Closed-system vapes use prefilled pods that are replaced when empty.
- Open-system vapes use refillable pods or tanks that you fill with bottled e-liquid.
It’s worth noting that not every vape device is a pod kit. Some open-system devices use larger tanks and replaceable coils, but the basic distinction remains the same: whether you refill the e-liquid yourself or replace a prefilled component.
What Is a Closed-System Vape?
A closed-system vape uses a prefilled pod or cartridge containing e-liquid.
Instead of opening the pod and filling it yourself, you insert a compatible pod into the device. When the e-liquid runs out, you remove the empty pod and replace it with a new one.
Many modern closed-system devices have rechargeable batteries, so the device itself can be used repeatedly.
For example, the Vuse Pro is a rechargeable device that uses compatible prefilled pods.
Closed systems are generally designed to keep everyday use simple, particularly for people who don’t want to handle bottled e-liquid or maintain separate coils.
Advantages of Closed-System Vapes
Simple to use – There’s usually very little setup involved. Once the device is charged and the pod is correctly fitted, it’s ready to use according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
No manual refilling – Because the pods come prefilled, you don’t need to carry bottles of e-liquid or pour liquid into a small filling port.
Minimal maintenance – Most closed systems don’t require separate coil changes. When the pod reaches the end of its usable life, you replace it.
Compact and portable – Many closed-system devices are small enough to carry comfortably without additional equipment.
Disadvantages of Closed-System Vapes
Limited e-liquid choices
You’re generally restricted to the flavours and nicotine strengths offered in compatible prefilled pods.
Less control over settings
Many closed-system devices have fixed power settings and limited airflow adjustment.
Ongoing pod replacement
Although the rechargeable device can be reused, you’ll need to purchase compatible replacement pods as they run out.
Device-specific compatibility
Prefilled pods aren’t universally interchangeable. A pod made for one model may not fit another, even when both devices come from the same brand.
What Is an Open-System Vape?
An open-system vape allows you to refill its pod or tank with bottled e-liquid.
Rather than replacing a prefilled cartridge whenever it runs out, you open the filling port and add a suitable e-liquid.
Open systems include compact refillable pod kits as well as larger vape devices with separate tanks and coils.
Some are very straightforward, while others offer adjustable wattage, airflow and additional settings.
The amount of maintenance depends on the device. For example, a pod kit with a built-in coil may only require occasional pod replacement, whereas a tank with a removable coil will need separate coil changes.
Advantages of Open-System Vapes
More e-liquid options – One of the main benefits is the ability to choose from a wider range of compatible bottled e-liquids, including different flavours, nicotine strengths and VG/PG ratios.
Greater flexibility – Depending on the device, you may be able to adjust airflow or power settings to suit your preferred draw.
Refillable pods and tanks – You can continue using the same pod or tank for multiple refills until its coil needs replacing or the component reaches the end of its usable life.
Different device styles – Open systems range from compact refillable pod kits to larger devices with more advanced controls.
This means you can choose a setup based on how much control and maintenance you prefer.
Disadvantages of Open-System Vapes
Refilling takes more effort – You’ll need to refill the pod or tank when the e-liquid runs low. Spills can happen, particularly if the filling port is small.
More maintenance – Depending on the device, you may need to clean the pod or tank, replace coils and check for e-liquid residue around the connections.
E-liquid compatibility matters – Not every e-liquid is suitable for every device.
For example, many low-powered MTL pod kits work well with 50/50 VG/PG e-liquids, while some higher-powered devices are designed for thicker liquids.
Always check the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Some devices have a learning curve – Adjustable wattage, replaceable coils and different resistance options can take time to understand, especially if you’re unfamiliar with the equipment.
Open vs Closed-System Vapes: What Are the Main Differences?
The easiest way to understand the difference is to look at how you use and maintain each device.
E-Liquid Refilling – With a closed system, you replace the prefilled pod when it’s empty.
With an open system, you add bottled e-liquid to the existing pod or tank.
Flavour and Nicotine Options – Closed systems are limited to compatible prefilled pods.
Open systems generally offer a wider choice of bottled e-liquids, although you still need to use a liquid suitable for your particular device.
Maintenance – Closed systems usually involve charging the battery, checking the contacts and replacing pods.
Open systems may also require refilling, cleaning and coil replacement.
Customisation – Many closed-system devices have fixed settings.
Open systems can offer more flexibility, but this depends on the model. Some refillable pod kits are just as simple as prefilled systems.
Ongoing Costs – Closed-system users regularly purchase replacement prefilled pods.
Open-system users purchase bottled e-liquid and replacement pods or coils.
The more economical option depends on product prices, how frequently you vape and how often components need replacing.
Battery Life – Battery capacity isn’t determined by whether a vape is open or closed.
Both types are available with different battery sizes. A larger battery may provide more time between charges, but actual battery life also depends on power output and usage.
Are Open-System Vapes Better Than Closed-System Vapes?
Neither system is automatically better.
It depends on what matters most to you.
If you prefer minimal maintenance and don’t want to refill e-liquid manually, a closed-system device may be more convenient.
If you want more freedom to choose your e-liquid or adjust your device’s settings, an open-system vape may be more suitable.
It’s also worth remembering that refillable doesn’t necessarily mean complicated.
Many modern open-system pod kits are compact and easy to operate, with built-in coils and automatic power adjustment.
Similarly, some closed-system devices offer features beyond basic inhale activation.
The best comparison is between the specific devices you’re considering, rather than assuming every open or closed system works in exactly the same way.
What About Disposable Vapes in the UK?
An important change for UK vapers is the ban on single-use vapes, which took effect on 1 June 2025.
Single-use vapes can no longer legally be sold or supplied in the UK.
However, this doesn’t mean all prefilled pod systems are banned.
Rechargeable devices with replaceable prefilled pods can still be available, provided they meet the relevant legal requirements.
This is an important distinction: a closed-system vape isn’t necessarily a disposable vape.
If you’re comparing devices, check whether the battery is rechargeable and whether the pod system is designed to be replaced and reused.
How Do You Choose the Right Vape Pod System?
If you’re an existing adult vaper comparing different devices, it helps to think about how you’ll use the kit day to day.
Consider How Much Maintenance You Want – Would you rather replace a pod when it runs out, or are you comfortable refilling e-liquid yourself?
This is often the most useful starting point.
Check E-Liquid Compatibility – If you’re considering an open system, make sure the device supports the type of e-liquid you intend to use.
For closed systems, check which prefilled pods and nicotine strengths are available.
Think About Your Preferred Draw – Some devices are designed for Mouth-to-Lung (MTL) vaping, while others support a more open Restricted Direct-to-Lung (RDTL) draw.
Look at the device’s airflow and compatible pod or coil options rather than relying only on whether it’s an open or closed system.
Check Replacement Availability – Before choosing a device, find out whether its compatible pods or coils are readily available.
A rechargeable kit is only practical to keep using if you can obtain the correct replacement components.
Compare the Full Cost – Consider the price of the device alongside the ongoing cost of replacement pods, coils and e-liquid.
The initial purchase price doesn’t always tell you which option will cost less over time.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can You Refill a Closed-System Vape Pod? Closed-system pods are generally designed to be replaced rather than manually refilled.
Trying to open a sealed prefilled pod may cause leaks or damage. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
Are All Open-System Vapes Large? No. Many refillable pod kits are compact and lightweight.
Open systems include both small everyday devices and larger vape kits with more advanced features.
Do Open-System Vapes Need Coil Replacements? Yes, but the replacement method depends on the device.
Some use removable coils, while others have built-in coils that require you to replace the entire pod when the coil wears out.
Are Closed-System Vapes Easier to Maintain? Generally, yes. Prefilled pods eliminate manual refilling and often reduce the amount of maintenance required.
However, rechargeable closed-system devices still need charging and occasional cleaning around their contacts.
Can You Use Any E-Liquid in an Open-System Vape? No. E-liquids have different VG/PG ratios, and not all formulations are suitable for every pod or coil.
Check the device manufacturer’s recommendations before filling your tank or pod.
Which Vape System Has Better Battery Life? Neither type has an automatic advantage.
Battery life depends on the device’s battery capacity, power settings and how frequently it’s used.
Final Thoughts
The difference between open and closed-system vapes comes down to how the e-liquid is supplied and how much control you have over the device.
Closed-system vapes use replaceable prefilled pods, making them convenient for people who prefer less maintenance.
Open-system vapes allow manual refilling and often provide more flexibility when choosing e-liquids and device settings.
Both have advantages and limitations, so the right choice depends on your existing vaping habits, preferred draw, maintenance preferences and budget.
Before deciding, check the device specifications, compatible replacement pods or coils and the manufacturer’s instructions.
For more practical vaping guides, device information and troubleshooting advice, visit Nemo Homes UK.
For adults aged 18 and over. Nicotine is addictive. Vaping products are not intended for non-smokers or under-18s.